Fungal Skin Infections
Fungal skin infections are common conditions that affect the outer layers of the skin, hair or nails. They are usually mild but can become more persistent or widespread if not treated appropriately.
These infections are caused by fungi that live on the skin and thrive in warm, moist environments. Common types include athlete’s foot and fungal nail infections.
While most fungal infections are superficial, some can affect deeper layers of the skin or occur more frequently in individuals with underlying health conditions or weakened immune systems.
At The London Skin and Hair Clinic, Consultant Dermatologists diagnose and treat fungal skin infections, helping patients manage symptoms effectively. Patients seeking fungal skin infection treatment in London can access specialist assessment and care.
Fungal infections are common and mild, but may be serious if the person is unwell or has a suppressed immune system
Fungus thrives in hot, moist environments
The Dermatologist may take a skin scraping or nail cutting to analyse for the presence and type of fungus
Treatment is by topical and oral antifungal medication
What Causes Fungal Skin Infections?
Fungal infections are caused by different types of fungi, which can be broadly grouped into:
- dermatophytes
- yeasts
- moulds
Dermatophytes are responsible for most skin and nail infections. Yeasts and moulds are more likely to affect nails that are already damaged.
Fungi thrive in warm, damp environments, which is why infections often develop in areas such as the feet, particularly when enclosed in footwear for long periods.
Athlete’s foot is a common fungal infection that can spread through contact with contaminated surfaces such as communal floors, changing rooms or footwear.
Who is at risk of Fungal Skin Infections?
Fungal skin infections can affect anyone, but certain factors increase the risk.
Fungal nail infections are more common in older adults, as well as those with diabetes or weakened immune systems. They are less common in children.
Athlete’s foot is more likely to affect individuals who wear enclosed footwear for long periods, including those involved in sport or physically demanding jobs.
What are the symptoms of Fungal Skin Infections?
Symptoms of fungal skin infections vary depending on the area affected.
In fungal nail infections, symptoms may include:
thickened nails that are difficult to cut
- discolouration, often yellow or white
- brittle or crumbly nail texture
- separation of the nail from the nail bed
In some cases, the surrounding skin may become inflamed, particularly with yeast infections, causing redness and swelling around the nail.
Athlete’s foot typically affects the skin between the toes and may cause:
- itchy, irritated skin
- peeling or flaking
- moist, soft skin between the toes
Fungal skin infection symptoms can develop gradually and may worsen if left untreated.
Images of Fungal Skin Infections
These images are kindly provided by DermNetNZ.org for non-commercial use, for the purpose of education and information. The images have not been modified and DermNetNZ do not endorse The London Skin and Hair Clinic. You can find a copy of the license at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/nz/.
How does a dermatologist diagnose Fungal Skin Infections?
A dermatologist diagnoses fungal infections through clinical examination and review of your medical history.
To confirm the diagnosis, a small sample of skin or nail may be taken and sent to a laboratory for analysis. This helps identify the type of fungus and guide appropriate treatment.
Laboratory results can take several weeks, as the organism is cultured to confirm the diagnosis.
How are Fungal Skin Infections treated?
Fungal skin infection treatment depends on the type, severity and location of the infection.
In many cases, treatment can begin based on clinical assessment before laboratory results are available.
Treatment options may include:
- topical antifungal treatments such as creams, sprays or powders
- oral antifungal medication for more persistent or widespread infections
Fungal nail infections can be more difficult to treat and may require a combination of topical and oral medication over a longer period.
Not all fungal nail infections require treatment if they are not causing symptoms, but untreated infections may spread to other areas or other people.
Laser treatment is sometimes suggested for fungal nail infections, although current clinical evidence supporting its effectiveness is limited.