Moles
Moles, also known as naevi, are common skin growths caused by a collection of pigment-producing cells in the skin. Most people will have several moles, which may be present from birth or develop over time.
They are usually harmless, but changes in a mole can sometimes indicate the development of skin cancer, including melanoma.
Moles can vary in size, shape and colour, and may appear anywhere on the body. In most cases, they remain stable over time.
At The London Skin and Hair Clinic, Consultant Dermatologists assess moles to identify normal features and detect any changes that may require further investigation. Patients seeking a mole check in London can access specialist dermatology assessment.
Although moles are harmless, melanoma skin cancer, can grow near moles which is why you should have them examined
If you notice a change in size, shape, colour or texture of a mole, you should have it examined by a Dermatologist
Dermatologists use a magnification device called a dermatascope to diagnose moles
A biopsy or excision may be recommended for removing moles to have them assessed in a laboratory by a pathologist
What causes Moles?
The exact causes of moles are not fully understood, but they occur due to a localised growth of pigment cells (melanocytes) in the skin.
Several factors can influence the number and appearance of moles, including:
- genetic predisposition
- sun exposure
- immune system factors
Certain medications, including some targeted therapies and immunosuppressive treatments, may also increase the number of moles.
Who is at risk of Moles?
Most adults have at least a few moles, and some individuals naturally have many more.
People with a higher number of moles, particularly atypical (irregular) moles, may have an increased risk of developing melanoma.
Risk factors include:
- a family history of melanoma
- having multiple or atypical moles
- significant sun exposure over time
Individuals with fair skin or a history of sunburn may also be at increased risk of developing changes in moles.
What are the symptoms of Moles?
Moles can vary widely in appearance but often share some common characteristics.
Typical features include:
- round or oval shape
- a consistent colour, such as brown, black, tan, red or pink
- flat or slightly raised appearance
- stability in size and appearance over time
Moles may range from a few millimetres to several centimetres and can appear anywhere on the body. Some may contain hair.
Moles symptoms are usually limited to their appearance, but changes in a mole can be an important warning sign.
The ABCDE guide is commonly used to assess changes:
Asymmetry – one half does not match the other
Border – irregular or poorly defined edges
Colour – variation in colour within the mole
Diameter – typically larger than 6mm
Evolution – any change in size, shape or appearance
If a mole shows any of these features, it should be assessed by a dermatologist.
Images of Moles
These images are kindly provided by DermNetNZ.org for non-commercial use, for the purpose of education and information. The images have not been modified and DermNetNZ do not endorse The London Skin and Hair Clinic. You can find a copy of the license at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/nz/.
How does a dermatologist diagnose Moles?
A dermatologist will assess moles through clinical examination.
A dermatoscope, a specialised magnification device, is used to examine the structure and pigmentation patterns of the mole in detail.
Where monitoring is required, digital photography may be used to track changes over time.
If a mole appears suspicious, a biopsy or removal may be recommended so the tissue can be analysed in a laboratory.
How are Moles managed?
Most moles are harmless and do not require treatment.
Management typically involves monitoring for any changes in size, shape or colour.
If a mole causes concern, discomfort, or shows suspicious features, a dermatologist may recommend removal using appropriate techniques.
Regular skin checks are important, particularly for individuals with multiple or atypical moles or a family history of melanoma.