Tinea Capitis
One of a number of fungal skin infections that commonly affects children, tinea capitis is also known as scalp ringworm.
During this condition, the scalp becomes infected with dermatophyte fungus. This type of fungus grows on surfaces such as skin, hair and nails, and causes ringworm and related infections.
Tinea capitis can spread easily and may be transmitted from other people, contaminated objects, or animals such as cats, cattle and horses.
At The London Skin and Hair Clinic, Consultant Dermatologists diagnose and treat tinea capitis and other scalp infections. Patients seeking a dermatologist in London can access expert assessment and effective treatment plans.
Tinea capitas or scalp ringworm commonly affects children aged between 3 and 7
Symptoms include scaling and black dots on the scalp
The Dermatologist may take a skin scraping to examine under a microscope
Treatment with antifungal medicines can take four to six weeks to resolve the condition
What causes Tinea Capitis?
Fungal skin infections often occur when fungi are transmitted through close contact, and tinea capitis is no different.
The infection can spread from person to person, particularly in environments where individuals are in close proximity. Fungi can also survive on items such as clothing, towels and bedding for extended periods, allowing infection to occur indirectly.
In some cases, tinea capitis is caused by zoophilic fungi, which are transmitted through direct contact with infected animals.
Who is at risk of Tinea Capitis?
Children are at highest risk of the condition, as it most commonly affects those aged between three and seven, and tends to occur more frequently in boys.
Adults can also develop tinea capitis, although this is less common, and may be associated with close contact environments or reduced immunity.
What are the symptoms of Tinea Capitis?
Common symptoms of tinea capitis include scaling of the scalp, which may resemble dandruff, and patchy hair loss with broken hairs appearing as black dots.
A kerion may develop, which is a painful, inflamed swelling caused by a more severe fungal infection. Favus is the term used for advanced cases, characterised by thick yellow crusts on the scalp.
If left untreated, more severe forms of tinea capitis can lead to scarring and permanent hair loss.
Images of Tinea Capitis
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How does a Dermatologist diagnose Tinea Capitis?
Symptoms such as scaling, inflammation and areas of hair loss may lead a Dermatologist to suspect tinea capitis.
To confirm the diagnosis, a Dermatologist may take skin scrapings and plucked hairs from the affected area and examine them under a microscope.
Samples may also be sent for laboratory culture to identify the specific type of fungus involved and guide treatment. In more complex cases, a skin biopsy may be considered.
How does a Dermatologist treat Tinea Capitis?
Antifungal medicines are prescribed to treat tinea capitis, with successful treatment usually clearing the infection within four to six weeks.
Oral antifungal medication is typically required, as topical treatments alone are not sufficient to treat infections within the hair follicles.
If a kerion is present and has become inflamed or infected, a Dermatologist may prescribe additional medication to reduce swelling, discomfort and the risk of scarring.
Early treatment is important to prevent complications and reduce the risk of permanent hair loss.