Rosacea
Rosacea is a common, chronic inflammatory skin condition that primarily affects the face, causing redness, flushing and visible blood vessels.
It most often develops in adults between the ages of 30 and 60 and is more commonly seen in fair skin types, although it can affect anyone.
Symptoms can vary between individuals and may include persistent redness, sensitivity, and acne-like breakouts. In some cases, the eyes may also be affected.
At The London Skin and Hair Clinic, Consultant Dermatologists assess rosacea to confirm the diagnosis and identify triggers. Patients seeking a rosacea dermatologist in London can access specialist dermatology assessment.
Rosacea is a very common, chronic condition characterized by facial redness and flushing of the face
Triggers are heat, alcohol, exercise, spicy foods, hot foods and drinks and sunlight
It is important to distinguish between rosacea and acne vulgaris as treatment is different
Although there is no cure, long-term treatments can be very effective and sometimes rosacea can go into remission
What causes Rosacea?
The exact causes of rosacea are not fully understood, and it is likely that multiple factors contribute to its development.
These may include:
- abnormalities in facial blood vessels
- an overactive immune response
- increased sensitivity to environmental triggers
- microorganisms such as Demodex mites
Rosacea often runs in families, suggesting a genetic component, although no single cause has been identified.
Common triggers that can worsen rosacea include:
- heat and temperature changes
- alcohol
- spicy foods and hot drinks
- sunlight (UV exposure)
- stress
Certain skincare products and medications may also aggravate symptoms.
Who is at risk of Rosacea?
Rosacea can affect people of all skin types, but it is more commonly seen in individuals with fair skin.
It typically develops in adulthood and may become more persistent over time.
Risk factors include:
- a family history of rosacea
- sensitive skin
- exposure to common triggers
Although it affects both men and women, symptoms may be more severe in men.
What are the symptoms of Rosacea?
Rosacea symptoms can vary depending on the subtype, but most patients experience some degree of facial redness.
Common symptoms include:
- persistent redness across the cheeks, nose and forehead
- episodes of flushing or blushing
- visible blood vessels (telangiectasia)
- sensitive or reactive skin
- burning or stinging sensations
Some individuals may develop:
- papules and pustules that resemble acne
- thickened skin, particularly around the nose (rhinophyma)
- eye symptoms such as dryness, irritation or a gritty sensation
There are several recognised subtypes of rosacea:
erythematotelangiectatic rosacea
- papulopustular rosacea
- phymatous rosacea
- ocular rosacea
Rosacea symptoms often fluctuate, with periods of flare-ups followed by relative improvement.
Images of Rosacea
These images are kindly provided by DermNetNZ.org for non-commercial use, for the purpose of education and information. The images have not been modified and DermNetNZ do not endorse The London Skin and Hair Clinic. You can find a copy of the license at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/nz/.
How does a Dermatologist diagnose Rosacea?
A dermatologist will diagnose rosacea through clinical examination and medical history.
The pattern of redness, distribution of symptoms and presence of triggers are key factors in diagnosis.
It is important to distinguish rosacea from other skin conditions such as acne, eczema or lupus.
In some cases, additional tests may be carried out to exclude other causes of facial redness.
How is Rosacea managed?
Management of rosacea focuses on controlling symptoms, reducing flare-ups and improving skin comfort.
An important first step is identifying and avoiding individual triggers where possible.
General management strategies may include:
- using gentle, non-irritating skincare products
- protecting the skin from sun exposure
- avoiding known lifestyle triggers
Depending on the severity and subtype of rosacea, a dermatologist may recommend medical treatments or procedures.
A personalised approach is important, as rosacea can vary significantly between individuals.